Sustainable Construction Components: Reducing Environmental Impact

Construction is one of the industries where its impact on the environment is undeniable, however positively, much more focus has been put into sustainable construction over the last few years, in terms of the processes and materials used, as well as ensuring that the end result is environmentally friendly in how it functions. We’re here to discuss a few different components of sustainable construction and how they’re being utilised within the industry to take positive steps forward. 

Renewable Energy

With sources of renewable energy becoming increasingly affordable and efficient, the benefits are clear and so they are being used far more to power the equipment used in construction. By using solar, hydro and wind energy to power tools, machinery, heating and lighting across construction sites, emissions are reduced and they meet certain specifications about being eco-friendly. For example, recently Volvo launched renewable energy powered construction equipment, including loaders and excavators, that are much more convenient and economical than petrol powered alternatives. 

Utilising renewable energy is easier said than done, however at least do some research to see what possibilities there are depending on the nature of your company. It’s likely easier for middle sized construction businesses, where you have more budget than a small business to look into other options and you don’t have all the hoops to jump through and approval processes that a larger company would. Even the smallest changes towards utilising renewable energy, or even to begin with moving away from petrol powered machinery and tools and towards electric alternatives, is a positive step in the right direction. Who knows what will change in the next 5 to 10 years and the possibilities that will come with renewable energy and construction. 

Water Conservation 

An increased focus on water conservation is also an important part of sustainable construction. As well as the environmental impact of water usage in terms of potentially interfering with natural water cycles and contaminating water, with an increase in droughts in the UK, there is increased demand for construction companies to reduce their water intake. Luckily, this is happening! From tool washing to wet trades like brickwork and plastering, groundworks, hydro-demolition and dust control, water is needed all across building sites, however there are ways that the usage can be better managed. Not only does this help the environment, but also save money. 

There are a few different ways that this can be done. One option is to eliminate the need for water altogether wherever possible, such as using brooms to clear dust rather than water, or looking for alternatives to hydro-demolition. Avoiding completely isn’t always possible, so after this, minimising mains usage and instead collecting rainwater in tanks or dams can help to significantly reduce usage. Water saving devices should also be used where possible, such as low flush toilets or hoses with triggers, as well as regular maintenance on pipes and taps to ensure there are no leaks. Recycling water wherever possible is also key where it is safe to do so, as well as disposing of any water that can’t be recycled safely. There are plenty of things that can be done to improve water conservation. 

Building Materials

There is also more focus on utilising sustainable building materials, which are durable and locally sourced. There are many different examples of how these are being used, from recycled steel to straw bales, cork to recycled practice and reclaimed wood to mycelium. A couple of great examples of how fantastic sustainable construction can be are bamboo and hempcrete. 

Bamboo has so many fantastic uses in construction, as it can create a warm and natural look that is well suited to a range of interior design styles. It’s high strength and low weight, which also makes it a valuable material. From concave surfaces to roofing and scaffolding, the possibilities of bamboo are increasingly being explored. There are some drawbacks, with the main one being it can cause decay over time, however with the right maintenance and treatments this can be avoided. 

Another example is hempcrete, which is a biocomposite material where hemp hurds are mixed with other materials in order to create something that can be used for construction and insulation. It’s energy efficient, sustainable to make, provides fantastic insulation, it’s strong, lasts hundreds of years and it’s also flame and water resistant. The main usage currently is for insulation, particularly to improve the thermal performance in historic buildings. 

Waste Reduction

Another important element of sustainable construction practices is waste reduction. Construction sites produce a lot of waste, however there are ways to help control it. Firstly, waste management plans should be implemented specific to each site, with a plan for every type of waste. These might including: 

• How you’re going to reuse any leftover materials on site
• Deconstructing rather than demolishing as this results in better control of toxic dust and heavy metals
• Utilising materials that can easily be composted or recycled where possible, like wood, metal or bamboo
• Implementing a clear recycling plan, from everyday waste through to construction materials
• Have a team focused on only ordering exactly what will be required for the project 
• Store materials correctly to prevent any avoidable damage 

Sustainable Landscaping

Something else that is picking up speed when it comes to helping the environment is sustainable landscaping. This is all about keeping the environmental impact of landscaping to a minimum. As well as following everything above, like minimising water usage and waste, there are a few different practices that are also involved. Sustainable landscapes are responsive to the environment, low maintenance and help to actively contribute to local environments. One example would be utilising wild flowers and native plants above anything imported, as they require less maintenance because they’re designed to be in the chosen climate, and they also help to support local wildlife, particularly pollinators, so naturally the area benefits. You’d also look to use more natural materials, like bamboo panels Melbourne based or restored wood for decking. 

Another example would be creating natural pools in gardens, using local plants and microorganisms that self clean the water, so you don’t need to use harsh chemicals. You’re also creating a healthy environment for local wildlife. Use all natural materials to help keep this super eco friendly!

In terms of the actual practices required to construct the sustainable landscape, many of the same themes apply as when it comes to construction. So, minimising water usage, reducing waste, utilising renewable energy and looking for sustainable materials you can use. Looking at your tools and machinery is also important, so using an electric chainsaw instead of a petrol one, for example.